What are statins and how do they work?

Statins are a class of drugs that lower cholesterol by blocking an enzyme in the liver (HMG-CoA reductase) responsible for cholesterol production, thereby reducing LDL ('bad') cholesterol levels.

Who is typically recommended for statin therapy?

Statin therapy is generally recommended for individuals with high LDL cholesterol, existing cardiovascular disease, or those at high risk for heart events due to factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, or a strong family history.

What are common side effects associated with statins?

Common, usually mild, side effects can include muscle pain (myalgia), headaches, and digestive issues. More serious but rare side effects involve liver problems or severe muscle damage.

Can lifestyle changes reduce the need for statins?

While healthy lifestyle changes, including diet and exercise, are vital for cardiovascular health, they may not always be enough to achieve target cholesterol levels. Statins often complement these changes, especially for individuals with significant risk factors or existing conditions.