What is the primary purpose of reservation policies?

To address historical injustices, overcome social and educational backwardness, and ensure adequate representation for marginalized communities in public services and educational institutions.

Which groups typically fall under "Reserved Categories"?

In countries like India, these typically include Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs), Other Backward Classes (OBCs), and sometimes Economically Weaker Sections (EWS).

Are reservation policies permanent?

The duration varies by country and specific policy. In India, reservations for SCs and STs are periodically reviewed and extended, while for OBCs and EWS, they are often introduced based on identified backwardness.

How do reservation policies affect merit?

This is a highly debated point. Proponents argue they promote broader societal merit by including diverse talent, while critics suggest they can lower direct entry standards for certain roles or institutions.

What is the difference between reservation and affirmative action?

Reservation is a specific form of affirmative action involving quotas. Affirmative action is a broader term encompassing various strategies to ensure equal opportunities for historically disadvantaged groups, not always involving quotas.