What countries are typically included in the Middle East?

The Middle East usually encompasses countries like Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, UAE, and Yemen.

What are some of the major cultural and religious influences in the Middle East?

The region is the birthplace of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, which profoundly influence its diverse cultures, traditions, art, architecture, and daily life across various communities.

What role does oil and natural gas play in the Middle Eastern economy?

Oil and natural gas are vital, driving significant wealth and influencing global energy markets. Many regional economies are highly dependent on these resources, though diversification efforts are ongoing.

What are the primary geopolitical challenges facing the Middle East today?

Key challenges include regional conflicts, political instability, sectarian tensions, water scarcity, economic diversification, and the influence of both internal and external powers.