What was the July Charter?

The July Charter was a constitutional document enacted in 1830 that established the July Monarchy in France under King Louis-Philippe, replacing the more conservative 1814 Charter.

Why was the July Charter created?

It was created in response to the July Revolution of 1830, which overthrew King Charles X due to his attempts to restrict civil liberties and parliamentary power.

What were the key changes introduced by the July Charter?

Key changes included expanding parliamentary power, abolishing censorship, restoring the tricolor flag, broadening the electorate, and explicitly stating the king ruled by popular sovereignty, not divine right.

How did the July Charter differ from the 1814 Charter?

The July Charter was more liberal, reducing royal power, increasing parliamentary authority, and expanding suffrage. It removed the divine right of kings and guaranteed more civil liberties.

What was the duration of the July Monarchy established by the Charter?

The July Monarchy, established by the Charter, lasted from 1830 until the Revolution of 1848, when it was overthrown and replaced by the Second French Republic.