The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, has issued a forceful call for Iranian authorities to immediately cease the killing of peaceful demonstrators, expressing horror at the escalating violence. On Tuesday, January 13, 2026, Türk condemned the reported deaths of hundreds and the arrest of thousands amidst ongoing anti-government protests across Iran. These demonstrations, which began on December 28, 2025, were initially sparked by severe economic conditions, including record inflation and a collapsing national currency. However, they have rapidly evolved into widespread calls for fundamental changes in the country's governance. The UN rights chief underscored the unacceptable nature of labeling protesters as 'terrorists' to justify the violent repression against them. Reports indicate that security forces have employed lethal and excessive force, including firing directly at protesters, while hospitals are reportedly overwhelmed with casualties, including children. A nationwide internet shutdown, imposed around January 8, 2026, has severely restricted freedom of expression and access to information, simultaneously hindering independent human rights monitoring and verification efforts. Furthermore, Türk voiced grave concern over public statements by some Iranian judicial officials suggesting the potential application of the death penalty against protesters through expedited judicial proceedings. He emphasized that Iranians possess the right to peaceful assembly and that their grievances must be addressed. Other international bodies and officials, including the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, have also condemned the violence and called for further sanctions against those responsible for the repression. The situation echoes protests from 2022, where similar demands for change were met with brutal force, a cycle the UN insists must end.