Hidden Sediments Accelerate Greenland Ice Loss, Worsening Sea-Level Rise | Quick Digest

Hidden Sediments Accelerate Greenland Ice Loss, Worsening Sea-Level Rise | Quick Digest
A new study reveals hidden soft sediments beneath Greenland's ice sheet are acting as an 'Achilles' heel,' accelerating glacier movement and potentially increasing global sea-level rise faster than anticipated. This discovery challenges previous assumptions about ice-bedrock interaction and highlights subterranean processes' critical role.

Scientists found soft sediment layers up to 650 feet thick beneath Greenland.

These sediments reduce friction, enabling glaciers to slide faster towards the ocean.

Meltwater seeping to the base further lubricates these layers, accelerating ice flow.

The discovery, dubbed Greenland's 'Achilles' heel,' alters sea-level rise predictions.

Seismic imaging was used to map this previously unseen complex subsurface geology.

Coastal communities worldwide, including India, face heightened risks from faster sea-level rise.

A groundbreaking study published in *Geology*, led by scientists from the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) including Yan Yang, has uncovered a previously unknown factor significantly accelerating Greenland's ice loss: widespread soft sediments beneath its massive ice sheet. This discovery, widely reported by various news outlets including Indian Defence Review, Earth.com, and The Times of India, suggests that Greenland's 'Achilles' heel' lies not just on its surface, but deep beneath the ice. Utilizing seismic signals generated by earthquakes, researchers mapped the sub-ice geology without the need for drilling through miles of ice. They found that large parts of the ice sheet rest on layers of soft, deformable sediments, some up to 200 meters (650 feet) thick, rather than solid bedrock. This soft base drastically reduces friction, allowing glaciers to slide more easily and rapidly towards the ocean. Furthermore, meltwater from the surface, which can penetrate deep through vertical shafts known as moulins, reaches these basal layers, increasing pressure and further lubricating the interface between the ice and the ground. This new understanding fundamentally reshapes how scientists model and predict Greenland's contribution to global sea-level rise. The findings imply that even areas of the ice sheet that appear stable from the surface could be prone to rapid changes, leading to faster-than-anticipated sea-level increases in a warming world. With Greenland already having contributed approximately 1.1 centimeters (0.43 inches) to global sea levels between 1992 and 2018, this vulnerability suggests future projections may need upward revision. The discovery highlights the critical role of subterranean processes in ice sheet dynamics and underscores the urgency for coastal communities globally, including those in India, to prepare for potentially accelerated sea-level rise.
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