Hubble Confirms Cloud-9: A Starless, Dark Matter-Dominated Failed Galaxy | Quick Digest

Hubble Confirms Cloud-9: A Starless, Dark Matter-Dominated Failed Galaxy | Quick Digest
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has confirmed Cloud-9, the first detection of a new type of celestial object: a starless, gas-rich cloud dominated by dark matter. This 'failed galaxy' offers unprecedented insights into early universe galaxy formation and the nature of dark matter.

Hubble confirmed Cloud-9 as a starless, dark matter-dominated object.

Cloud-9 is the first confirmed 'Reionization-Limited H I Cloud' (RELHIC).

The object is a relic from the early universe, a 'failed galaxy'.

It provides crucial insights into galaxy formation and dark matter.

Located 14 million light-years away, near the spiral galaxy Messier 94.

Comprises 1 million solar masses of hydrogen and 5 billion of dark matter.

Astronomers using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope have confirmed the existence of a groundbreaking new celestial object named Cloud-9, marking the first confirmed detection of a starless, gas-rich cloud predominantly composed of dark matter. This discovery, detailed in The Astrophysical Journal Letters and presented at the 247th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, provides a unique window into the early universe and galaxy formation. Cloud-9 is formally classified as a Reionization-Limited H I Cloud (RELHIC), a type of primordial 'failed galaxy' that theoretically existed but had never been definitively observed until now. It is considered a remnant or building block from the cosmos's infancy that, despite possessing substantial gas and dark matter, never accumulated enough material to ignite star formation. Researchers, led by Alejandro Benitez-Llambay, emphasized that the absence of stars is key to validating theories about early galaxy evolution. The object was initially detected three years prior through radio surveys conducted by China's Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST), with subsequent confirmations from the Green Bank Telescope and the Very Large Array in the United States. However, it was Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys that provided the critical, highly sensitive observations needed to confirm Cloud-9's truly starless nature, distinguishing it from faint dwarf galaxies. Located approximately 14 million light-years from Earth near the spiral galaxy Messier 94 (M94), Cloud-9 is estimated to contain about one million times the mass of the Sun in neutral hydrogen and an astounding five billion solar masses of dark matter. Scientists believe this 'dark-matter-dominated cloud' offers invaluable insights into the elusive nature of dark matter, which constitutes most of the universe's mass but does not emit light. The rarity of such objects underscores its importance for future cosmological studies.
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