India is grappling with an alarming rise in fatty liver disease, now scientifically termed Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), which has become a significant public health concern. Recent data indicates that approximately 38% of the adult Indian population is afflicted with this condition, underscoring its widespread prevalence. What's particularly concerning is that this 'silent epidemic' is not limited to adults, with nearly 35% of Indian children also suffering from fatty liver disease. Between 2010 and 2021, India recorded a 13.2 percent increase in age-standardized prevalence of MASLD, positioning it just behind China (16.9%) and Sudan (13.3%) for the sharpest rise globally in this period. This rapid increase highlights a critical health challenge for the nation. Experts attribute this surge primarily to sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy dietary patterns characterized by increased consumption of processed foods and sugary beverages, and the rising rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes. MASLD, which involves excessive fat accumulation in liver cells, often progresses silently without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. If left unaddressed, it can lead to severe complications such as inflammation (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver failure, and even liver cancer, contributing significantly to non-communicable disease deaths in India. While the headline's 'global top 3' claim accurately reflects India's rank in the *increase* of prevalence, it's crucial to clarify this nuance to avoid misinterpretation regarding overall prevalence. Credible sources, including studies cited in JAMA and AIIMS, corroborate the severity of the issue, emphasizing the urgent need for public awareness, early screening, and significant lifestyle interventions to mitigate this growing health crisis.