Iran's 2019 Fuel Protests: Crackdown, Deaths, and Internet Blackout | Quick Digest

Iran's 2019 Fuel Protests: Crackdown, Deaths, and Internet Blackout | Quick Digest
In November 2019, Iran faced widespread protests ignited by a sudden fuel price hike. Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei warned of a crackdown as security forces suppressed demonstrations, leading to over 62 reported deaths and a near-total internet shutdown. The unrest highlighted severe human rights concerns amidst economic turmoil.

Fuel price hike triggered widespread protests across Iran in November 2019.

Supreme Leader Khamenei ordered a harsh crackdown on 'rioters' and 'enemies'.

Over 62 protesters were reportedly killed in the initial days of unrest.

Iranian authorities imposed a near-total, week-long internet blackout.

International rights groups later reported significantly higher death tolls.

The protests were a severe challenge to the Iranian government amidst sanctions.

In November 2019, Iran was engulfed by widespread and deadly protests following an abrupt government decision to raise fuel prices, some by as much as 300 percent. The demonstrations, initially peaceful, quickly spread to over 100 cities across 29 provinces, morphing into calls for the overthrow of the government and Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei. Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei publicly endorsed the fuel price increase, describing protesters as 'thugs' and 'enemy mercenaries' and instructing security forces to 'implement their tasks,' effectively signaling a severe crackdown. In response to the escalating unrest, Iranian authorities implemented a near-total internet shutdown across the country starting November 16, 2019, which lasted for approximately a week. This blackout severely hampered protesters' ability to organize and share information with the outside world, and was seen as a deliberate attempt to conceal the extent of the crackdown. The article's claim of '62+ killed' aligns with early reports during the initial days of the protests. For instance, by November 19, 2019, Amnesty International reported at least 106 deaths, a figure that continued to climb rapidly. Later investigations by human rights organizations revealed a much higher toll. Amnesty International eventually documented 321 deaths, while a Reuters report, citing Iranian officials, put the figure at around 1,500 people killed. The severity of the crackdown included security forces using live ammunition, with many deaths resulting from shots to vital organs, indicating an intent to kill. The events of November 2019, often referred to as 'Bloody November,' underscored the Iranian government's brutal response to dissent and the profound human rights concerns arising from the repression of civilian protests.
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