A significant Phase 3 clinical trial, known as DREAMS-2, has demonstrated that mazdutide, a novel once-weekly dual glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, is superior to dulaglutide (Trulicity) in treating type 2 diabetes. The findings, presented at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Annual Meeting 2024 and subsequently published, indicate mazdutide's enhanced efficacy in achieving glycaemic control and promoting weight reduction. The DREAMS-2 study enrolled 731 Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes whose condition was inadequately controlled by existing oral anti-diabetic medications. Participants were randomized to receive either mazdutide (4 mg or 6 mg) or dulaglutide (1.5 mg) once weekly for 28 weeks. Both mazdutide doses proved statistically superior to dulaglutide in reducing glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels from baseline, with mean reductions greater for mazdutide. Beyond glucose management, mazdutide also led to significantly greater body weight loss compared to dulaglutide. Participants treated with mazdutide achieved mean additional weight losses of approximately 4–6% compared with dulaglutide, with higher doses yielding more pronounced effects. Notably, a greater proportion of mazdutide-treated patients achieved a composite endpoint of HbA1c below 7.0% alongside at least 5% weight loss, highlighting its dual-agonist benefits. Developed through a collaboration between Eli Lilly and Innovent Biologics, mazdutide is designed to activate both GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, offering advantages in energy expenditure and hepatic fat metabolism in addition to insulin secretion and blood glucose reduction. While the DREAMS-2 trial focused on a Chinese population, Innovent Biologics holds the rights for mazdutide in China, where it received approval for chronic weight management in June 2025 and for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes in September 2025. Eli Lilly retains rights outside China and is pursuing further global development. The drug's safety profile was generally favorable, with common adverse events being mild to moderate gastrointestinal issues, consistent with other incretin-based therapies.